Which STI is diagnosed using a rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test?
A) Gonorrhea
B) Syphilis
C) Chlamydia
D) Trichomoniasis
📖 شرح: RPR is used to screen for syphilis.
الإجابة الصحيحة: B
Which STI is preventable with a vaccine?
A) Chlamydia
B) Gonorrhea
C) HPV
D) Syphilis
📖 شرح: HPV infection can be prevented with vaccination.
الإجابة الصحيحة: C
Which karyotype is associated with Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS)?
A) 45,X
B) 46,XY
C) 47,XXY
D) 46,XX
📖 شرح: AIS occurs in individuals with a 46,XY karyotype.
الإجابة الصحيحة: B
Which condition is caused by congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)?
A) Excess androgen production
B) Lack of estrogen receptors
C) Complete androgen insensitivity
D) Gonadal dysgenesis
📖 شرح: CAH leads to increased androgen production.
الإجابة الصحيحة: A
Which enzyme deficiency is most commonly associated with CAH?
A) 21-hydroxylase
B) 11?-hydroxylase
C) 17?-hydroxylase
D) 5?-reductase
📖 شرح: 21-hydroxylase deficiency is the most common cause of CAH.
الإجابة الصحيحة: A
Which condition presents with streak gonads?
A) AIS
B) Turner syndrome
C) Klinefelter syndrome
D) CAH
📖 شرح: Turner syndrome is associated with streak gonads.
الإجابة الصحيحة: B
Which karyotype is associated with Turner syndrome?
A) 46,XY
B) 47,XXY
C) 45,X
D) 46,XX
📖 شرح: Turner syndrome typically has a 45,X karyotype.
الإجابة الصحيحة: C
Which condition is associated with tall stature and small testes?
A) Turner syndrome
B) Klinefelter syndrome
C) AIS
D) CAH
📖 شرح: Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY) presents with tall stature and small testes.
الإجابة الصحيحة: B
Which condition results from 5?-reductase deficiency?
A) Impaired conversion of testosterone to DHT
B) Excess estrogen production
C) Lack of Müllerian regression
D) Complete androgen receptor defect
📖 شرح: 5?-reductase deficiency prevents conversion of testosterone to DHT.
الإجابة الصحيحة: A
Which hormone is elevated in CAH due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency?
A) Cortisol
B) Aldosterone
C) ACTH
D) FSH
📖 شرح: Low cortisol increases ACTH via negative feedback.
الإجابة الصحيحة: C
Which condition presents with normal female external genitalia but absent uterus?
A) Turner syndrome
B) AIS
C) CAH
D) Klinefelter syndrome
📖 شرح: AIS results in female external genitalia with absent Müllerian structures.
الإجابة الصحيحة: B
Which test is used to evaluate ambiguous genitalia in newborns?
A) Thyroid function test
B) Karyotyping
C) Liver function test
D) Blood glucose test
📖 شرح: Karyotyping helps determine chromosomal sex.
الإجابة الصحيحة: B
Which definition best describes precocious puberty?
A) Puberty before age 6 in girls and 8 in boys
B) Puberty before age 8 in girls and 9 in boys
C) Puberty after age 14 in boys
D) Puberty after age 16 in girls
📖 شرح: Precocious puberty occurs earlier than normal developmental age.
الإجابة الصحيحة: B
Which hormone is elevated in central precocious puberty?
A) Low LH
B) High LH
C) Low FSH
D) Low estrogen
📖 شرح: Central precocious puberty involves early activation of the HPG axis.
الإجابة الصحيحة: B
Which condition is associated with delayed puberty?
A) Hyperthyroidism
B) Hypogonadism
C) Precocious puberty
D) High estrogen levels
📖 شرح: Hypogonadism commonly causes delayed puberty.
الإجابة الصحيحة: B
Which test distinguishes central from peripheral precocious puberty?
A) TSH test
B) GnRH stimulation test
C) Blood glucose test
D) Liver function test
📖 شرح: GnRH stimulation helps differentiate central vs peripheral causes.
الإجابة الصحيحة: B
Which finding suggests peripheral precocious puberty?
A) High LH after GnRH stimulation
B) Low LH despite GnRH stimulation
C) Normal testosterone levels
D) Normal estrogen levels
📖 شرح: Peripheral causes do not respond to GnRH stimulation.
الإجابة الصحيحة: B
Which condition can cause peripheral precocious puberty in girls?
A) Ovarian cysts
B) Hypothyroidism
C) Turner syndrome
D) Pituitary tumor
📖 شرح: Ovarian cysts may produce estrogen leading to early puberty.
الإجابة الصحيحة: A
Which condition is a common cause of delayed puberty in boys?
A) Klinefelter syndrome
B) AIS
C) CAH
D) Hyperprolactinemia
📖 شرح: Klinefelter syndrome leads to primary testicular failure.
الإجابة الصحيحة: A
Which hormone is low in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism?
A) LH and FSH
B) Estrogen only
C) Testosterone only
D) TSH
📖 شرح: Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism involves low gonadotropins.
الإجابة الصحيحة: A