Which vessels carry deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta?
A) Umbilical vein
B) Maternal spiral arteries
C) Umbilical arteries
D) Intervillous spaces
📖 شرح: Umbilical arteries carry deoxygenated fetal blood.
الإجابة الصحيحة: C
Which placental hormone helps relax pelvic ligaments during pregnancy?
A) Progesterone
B) Relaxin
C) hCG
D) hPL
📖 شرح: Relaxin softens ligaments and cervix.
الإجابة الصحيحة: B
Which membrane directly surrounds the fetus?
A) Chorion
B) Amnion
C) Decidua
D) Allantois
📖 شرح: The amnion forms the innermost fetal membrane.
الإجابة الصحيحة: B
Which structure produces most of the amniotic fluid in the second trimester?
A) Placenta
B) Maternal blood
C) Fetal kidneys
D) Fetal lungs
📖 شرح: Fetal urine becomes the major source of amniotic fluid.
الإجابة الصحيحة: C
Which membrane contributes to the formation of the placenta?
A) Amnion
B) Chorion
C) Allantois
D) Yolk sac
📖 شرح: The chorion forms the fetal part of the placenta.
الإجابة الصحيحة: B
Which function is provided by amniotic fluid?
A) Gas exchange
B) Protection and cushioning
C) Nutrient absorption
D) Hormone production
📖 شرح: Amniotic fluid protects the fetus from trauma.
الإجابة الصحيحة: B
Which condition is associated with too little amniotic fluid?
A) Polyhydramnios
B) Oligohydramnios
C) Hydrops fetalis
D) Placenta previa
📖 شرح: Oligohydramnios refers to decreased amniotic fluid.
الإجابة الصحيحة: B
Which condition is associated with excessive amniotic fluid?
A) Oligohydramnios
B) Placental abruption
C) Polyhydramnios
D) Pre-eclampsia
📖 شرح: Polyhydramnios refers to excessive amniotic fluid.
الإجابة الصحيحة: C
Which fetal structure contributes to amniotic fluid through lung secretions?
A) Kidneys
B) Liver
C) Lungs
D) Heart
📖 شرح: Fetal lungs add fluid to the amniotic cavity.
الإجابة الصحيحة: C
Which membrane fuses with the amnion during pregnancy?
A) Chorion
B) Decidua basalis
C) Yolk sac
D) Allantois
📖 شرح: The amnion and chorion fuse by mid-pregnancy.
الإجابة الصحيحة: A
Which fetal membrane forms the umbilical cord along with blood vessels?
A) Amnion
B) Chorion
C) Allantois
D) Decidua
📖 شرح: The allantois contributes to umbilical cord formation.
الإجابة الصحيحة: C
Which structure absorbs amniotic fluid in the third trimester?
A) Maternal blood
B) Fetal kidneys
C) Fetal gastrointestinal tract
D) Placenta
📖 شرح: The fetus swallows amniotic fluid, absorbing it via the GI tract.
الإجابة الصحيحة: C
At what gestational age does organogenesis primarily occur?
A) Weeks 1–2
B) Weeks 3–8
C) Weeks 9–12
D) Weeks 20–24
📖 شرح: Organogenesis occurs during weeks 3–8.
الإجابة الصحيحة: B
Which trimester is characterized mainly by rapid fetal growth?
A) First trimester
B) Second trimester
C) Third trimester
D) All trimesters equally
📖 شرح: The third trimester is dominated by rapid growth.
الإجابة الصحيحة: C
Which structure allows nutrient and gas exchange for fetal growth?
A) Amnion
B) Placenta
C) Yolk sac
D) Allantois
📖 شرح: The placenta supports fetal growth.
الإجابة الصحيحة: B
Which fetal system matures last before birth?
A) Respiratory system
B) Cardiovascular system
C) Renal system
D) Musculoskeletal system
📖 شرح: The lungs are the last major system to mature.
الإجابة الصحيحة: A
What is the primary source of fetal energy in late pregnancy?
A) Amino acids
B) Glucose
C) Ketone bodies
D) Fatty acids
📖 شرح: Glucose is the main fetal energy source.
الإجابة الصحيحة: B
Which hormone promotes fetal growth by increasing nutrient availability?
A) hCG
B) hPL
C) Progesterone
D) Oxytocin
📖 شرح: hPL increases maternal insulin resistance to supply glucose to the fetus.
الإجابة الصحيحة: B
Which fetal measurement is most accurate for estimating gestational age in the first trimester?
A) Femur length
B) Biparietal diameter
C) Crown–rump length
D) Head circumference
📖 شرح: CRL is the most accurate early measurement.
الإجابة الصحيحة: C
Which fetal structure begins producing urine around week 12?
A) Liver
B) Kidneys
C) Lungs
D) Pancreas
📖 شرح: Fetal kidneys begin urine production in the late first trimester.
الإجابة الصحيحة: B